Journal
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 57, Issue 4, Pages 1646-1653Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/jf803468q
Keywords
Lupine; Lupinus sulphureus; lupine alkaloids; crooked calf disease
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Lupines are common plants on the rangelands in the western United States. Lupines contain alkaloids that can be toxic and teratogenic causing congenital birth defects (crooked calf disease). One such lupine, Lupinus sulphureus, occurs in parts of Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia. Specimens of L. sulphureus from field collections and herbaria were evaluated taxonomically and by chemical means. A total of seven distinct alkaloid profiles and the individual alkaloids associated with each profile were identified. Each alkaloid profile was unique in its geographical distribution and its potential risk to livestock. In conclusion, taxonomic classification is not sufficient to determine risk, as chemical characterization of the alkaloids must also be performed.
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