Journal
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 56, Issue 16, Pages 7578-7585Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/jf801771a
Keywords
aflatoxin; Aspergillus flavus; Bt-corn; crop residues; cyclopiazonic acid; fumonisin; zearalenone; trichothecenes
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Mycotoxin and Aspergillus flavus levels in soil-surface corn debris left by no-till agriculture methods (stover, cobs, and cobs with grain) were determined during the December-March fallow period for near-isogenic Bt and non-Bt hybrid corn. By December, average mycotoxin levels in non-Bt corn were many times higher in cobs with grain than in grain harvested in September (total aflatoxins, 774 vs 211 ng/g; total fumonisins, 216 vs 3.5 mu g/g; cycloplazonic acid, 4102 vs 72.2 mu g/g; zearalenone, 0.2 vs < 0.1 mu g/g). No trichothecenes were detected. Levels of mycotoxins and A. flavus propagules were similar to 10- to 50-fold lower in cobs without grain and stover, respectively, for all mycotoxins except zearalenone. Mycotoxin levels in corn debris fractions decreased during winter but began to rise in March. Levels of all mycotoxins and A. flavus propagules were lower in harvested grain and debris from Bt than non-Bt corn, but differences were significant (p < 0.05) only for aflatoxins.
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