Journal
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
Volume 139, Issue 3, Pages 298-301Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2012.03.003
Keywords
Bipolar disorder; Depression; Magnetic resonance imaging; MRI; Amygdala
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [MH078556, MH075944, MH001848, EB001561, RR019771]
- National Institute on Aging [AG016570]
- National Association for Research on Schizophrenia and Affective Disorders (NARSAD)
- Brain Mapping Medical Research Organization
- Brain Mapping Support Foundation
- Pierson-Lovelace Foundation
- Ahmanson Foundation
- William M. and Linda R. Dietel Philanthropic Fund at the Northern Piedmont Community Foundation
- Tamkin Foundation
- Jennifer Jones-Simon Foundation
- Capital Group Companies Charitable Foundation
- Robson Family and Northstar Fund
- National Center for Research Resources [RR012169, RR013642, RR000865]
- Abbott Laboratories
- Pfizer Inc.
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Background: Prior structural neuroimaging studies of the amygdala in patients with bipolar disorder have reported higher or lower volumes, or no difference relative to healthy controls. These inconsistent findings may have resulted from combining subjects in different mood states. The prefrontal cortex has recently been reported to have a lower volume in depressed versus euthymic bipolar patients. Here we examined whether similar mood state-dependent volumetric differences are detectable in the amygdala. Methods: Forty subjects, including 28 with bipolar disorder type I (12 depressed and 16 euthymic), and 12 healthy comparison subjects were scanned on a 3 T magnetic resonance image (MRI) scanner. Amygdala volumes were manually traced and compared across subject groups, adjusting for sex and total brain volume. Results: Statistical analyses found a significant effect of mood state and hemisphere on amygdala volume. Subsequent comparisons revealed that amygdala volumes were significantly lower in the depressed bipolar group compared to both the euthymic bipolar (p =0.005) and healthy control (p = 0.043) groups. Limitations: Our study was cross-sectional and some patients were medicated. Conclusions: Our results suggest that mood state influences amygdala volume in subjects with bipolar disorder. Future studies that replicate these findings in unmedicated patient samples scanned longitudinally are needed. Published by Elsevier B.V.
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