Cantharellus cyphelloides (Cantharellales), a new and unusual species from a Japanese evergreen broad-leaved forest

We describe a new species, Cantharellus cyphelloides (Cantharellaceae, Cantharellales, Agaricomycetes), from a Japanese evergreen broad-leaved forest based on morphological and molecular data. The new species differs from other Cantharellus species by its cyphelloid basidiomata with the hymenophore produced on the adaxial surface (inner side of the cup), rather than the abaxial surface. Molecular phylogenetic reconstruction, based on partial nLSU rDNA sequence data, and microscopic features place the new species in Cantharellus subgenus Cinnabarinus. An emended description of subgenus Cinnabarinus is provided.