Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF IMMUNOLOGY VOL 33
Volume 33, Issue -, Pages 607-642Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-032414-112032
Keywords
T cell development; innate lymphoid cell development; transcription factors; lineage commitment; evolution of lymphocytes; enhancer regulation
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Funding
- Intramural NIH HHS Funding Source: Medline
- NCI NIH HHS [T32 CA-009140] Funding Source: Medline
- NHLBI NIH HHS [HL11074103] Funding Source: Medline
- NIAID NIH HHS [AI098428, AI059621] Funding Source: Medline
- NIGMS NIH HHS [T32 GM-07229] Funding Source: Medline
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The lymphocyte family has expanded significantly in recent years to include not only the adaptive lymphocytes (T cells, B cells) and NK cells, but also several additional innate lymphoid cell (ILC) types. ILCs lack clonally distributed antigen receptors characteristic of adaptive lymphocytes and instead respond exclusively to signaling via germline-encoded receptors. ILCs resemble T cells more closely than any other leukocyte lineage at the trailscriptome level and express many elements of the core cell transcriptional program, including Notch, Gata3 T47, and Bd11b. We present our current understanding of the shared and distinct transcriptional regulatory mechanisms involved in the development of adaptive T lymphocytes and closely related ILCs. We discuss the possibility that a core set of transcriptional regulators common to ILCs and T cells establish enhancers that enable implementation of closely aligned effector pathways. Studies of the transcriptional regulation of lymphopoiesis will support the development of novel therapeutic approaches to correct early lymphoid developmental defects and aberrant lymphocyte function.
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