Journal
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
Volume 307, Issue 3, Pages 265-274Publisher
AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
DOI: 10.1001/jama.2011.2002
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Funding
- Bristol-Myers Squibb-sanofi-aventis
- Eli Lilly Co-Daiichi Sankyo
- Medicines Company
- Portola
- Novartis
- Medicure
- Accumetrics
- Arena Pharmaceuticals
- AstraZeneca
- Abbott Vascular
- GlaxoSmithKline
- Boston Scientific
- Otsuka
- Schering-Plough
- Johnson Johnson
- Eisai
- sanofi-aventis
- Quest Diagnostics
- Medtronic
- Cordis-Johnson Johnson
- Bayer Healthcare
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- CardioMems
- Corindus
- Eli Lilly
- Foxhollow
- Genentech
- Regado Biosciences
- Stereotaxis
- IIT CSL Behring
- CSL Behring
- Bayer
- Boehringer Ingelheim
- Cardiovascular Research Foundation
- Cleveland Clinic Research Foundation
- Daiichi-Sankyo
- Duke Institute
- Europa
- Lead-Up
- Institut de Cardiologie de Montreal
- Menarini
- Nanosheres
- Pfizer
- TIMI Study Group
- Abbott Vascular AstraZeneca
- BMS
- Cordis
- Eli Lilly Federation Francaise de Cardiologie
- Fondation de France
- Guerbet Medical
- INSERM
- ITC Edison
- Servier
- Societe Francaise de Cardiologie
- Stago
- Guerbet Medical INSERM
- ITC Edison Medronic
- National Institutes of Health-National Center for Research Resources [UL1 RR025774]
- Eli Lilly-Daiichi Sankyo
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Context Thienopyridines are among the most widely prescribed medications, but their use can be complicated by the unanticipated need for surgery. Despite increased risk of thrombosis, guidelines recommend discontinuing thienopyridines 5 to 7 days prior to surgery to minimize bleeding. Objective To evaluate the use of cangrelor, an intravenous, reversible P2Y(12) platelet inhibitor for bridging thienopyridine-treated patients to coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. Design, Setting, and Patients Prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial, involving 210 patients with an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or treated with a coronary stent and receiving a thienopyridine awaiting CABG surgery to receive either cangrelor or placebo after an initial open-label, dose-finding phase (n=11) conducted between January 2009 and April 2011. Interventions Thienopyridines were stopped and patients were administered cangrelor or placebo for at least 48 hours, which was discontinued 1 to 6 hours before CABG surgery. Main Outcome Measures The primary efficacy end point was platelet reactivity (measured in P2Y(12) reaction units [PRUs]), assessed daily. The main safety end point was excessive CABG surgery-related bleeding. Results The dose of cangrelor determined in 10 patients in the open-label stage was 0.75 mu g/kg per minute. In the randomized phase, a greater proportion of patients treated with cangrelor had low levels of platelet reactivity throughout the entire treatment period compared with placebo (primary end point, PRU <240; 98.8% (83 of 84) vs 19.0% (16 of 84); relative risk [RR], 5.2 [95% CI, 3.3-8.1] P<.001). Excessive CABG surgery-related bleeding occurred in 11.8% (12 of 102) vs 10.4% (10 of 96) in the cangrelor and placebo groups, respectively (RR, 1.1 [95% CI, 0.5-2.5] P=.763). There were no significant differences in major bleeding prior to CABG surgery, although minor bleeding episodes were numerically higher with cangrelor. Conclusions Among patients who discontinue thienopyridine therapy prior to cardiac surgery, the use of cangrelor compared with placebo resulted in a higher rate of maintenance of platelet inhibition.
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