Journal
MOLECULES
Volume 20, Issue 4, Pages 5574-5615Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/molecules20045574
Keywords
heterogeneous photocatalysis; disinfection; water; healthcare associated infections; microorganisms; solar reactors
Funding
- Department of Employment and Learning Northern Ireland (DELNI)
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI)
- National Science Foundation (NSF) under the US-Ireland R&D Partnership (NSF-CBET) [1438721]
- Transnational Access to Research Infrastructures within the European project SFERA II [312.643]
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness within the AQUASUN [CTM2011-29143-C03-03]
- Ulster University
- DELNI
- Div Of Chem, Bioeng, Env, & Transp Sys
- Directorate For Engineering [1438721] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Photo-excitation of certain semiconductors can lead to the production of reactive oxygen species that can inactivate microorganisms. The mechanisms involved are reviewed, along with two important applications. The first is the use of photocatalysis to enhance the solar disinfection of water. It is estimated that 750 million people do not have accessed to an improved source for drinking and many more rely on sources that are not safe. If one can utilize photocatalysis to enhance the solar disinfection of water and provide an inexpensive, simple method of water disinfection, then it could help reduce the risk of waterborne disease. The second application is the use of photocatalytic coatings to combat healthcare associated infections. Two challenges are considered, i.e., the use of photocatalytic coatings to give self-disinfecting surfaces to reduce the risk of transmission of infection via environmental surfaces, and the use of photocatalytic coatings for the decontamination and disinfection of medical devices. In the final section, the development of novel photocatalytic materials for use in disinfection applications is reviewed, taking account of materials, developed for other photocatalytic applications, but which may be transferable for disinfection purposes.
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