Journal
JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES
Volume 60, Issue 5, Pages 462-465Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31825ddcfa
Keywords
stavudine concentrations; breast milk; mother-to-child transmission; HIV
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Funding
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID/NIH) [R01-AI087139]
- International Maternal Pediatric and Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials (IMPAACT) Network [UM1-AI068632]
- HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN)
- NIAID
- National Institute on Drug Abuse
- National Institute of Mental Health
- Office of AIDS Research, of the NIH, Department of Health and Human Services [UM1-AI068613]
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First-line antiretroviral treatment regimens in resource-limited settings used in breastfeeding mothers often include stavudine (d4T). Limited data describing d4T concentrations in breast milk are available. We analyzed d4T concentrations in 52 mother-infant pairs using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lower limit of quantification: 5 ng/mL in plasma, 20 ng/mL in breast milk). Median (interquartile range) d4T concentrations were 86 (36-191) ng/mL in maternal plasma, 151 (48-259) ng/mL in whole milk, 190 (58-296) ng/mL in skim milk, and <5 (<5 to <5) ng/mL in infant plasma. Although d4T is concentrated in breast milk relative to maternal plasma, the infant d4T dose received from breast milk is very small and not clinically significant.
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