Journal
MOLECULES
Volume 20, Issue 9, Pages 16908-16923Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/molecules200916908
Keywords
Glossogyne tenuifolia; luteolin; luteolin-7-glucoside; adhesion molecule; nuclear factor-kappa B
Funding
- E-Da Hospital, Taiwan [EDAHP100013]
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Chronic inflammation plays a pivotal role in the development of atherosclerosis, where the pro-inflammatory cytokine-induced expression of endothelial adhesion molecules and the recruitment of monocytes are the crucial events leading to its pathogenesis. Glossogyne tenuifolia ethanol extract (GTE) is shown to have potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. We evaluated the effects of GTE and its major components, luteolin (lut), luteolin-7-glucoside (lut-7-g), and oleanolic acid (OA) on TNF--induced expression of adhesion molecules in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The results demonstrated that GTE, lut, and lut-7-g attenuated the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in TNF--activated HUVECs, and inhibited the adhesion of monocytes to TNF--activated HUVECs. The TNF--induced mRNA expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 was also suppressed, revealing their inhibitory effects at the transcriptional level. Furthermore, GTE, lut, and lut-7-g blocked the TNF--induced degradation of nuclear factor-B inhibitor (IB), an indicator of the activation of nuclear factor-B (NF-B). In summary, GTE and its bioactive components were effective in preventing the adhesion of monocytes to cytokine-activated endothelium by the inhibition of expression of adhesion molecules, which in turn is mediated through blocking the activation and nuclear translocation of NF-B. The current results reveal the therapeutic potential of GTE in atherosclerosis.
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