Journal
ISRAEL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES
Volume 62, Issue 1-2, Pages 65-74Publisher
BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS
DOI: 10.1080/07929978.2014.960733
Keywords
olive; pre-Ghassulian; amphoriskos; domestication; Chalcolithic; jars; Wadi Rabah; Pottery Neolithic; Ein Zippori; oil production
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Funding
- National Company of Roads
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Several occupation levels dating to the sixth to fifth millennia BC (the Wadi Rabah and pre-Ghassulian Late Neolithic and Chalcolithic cultures as well as the Early Bronze Age IB-II) were found in a salvage excavation conducted at Ein Zippori in the lower Galilee. Pottery vessels from the different periods were sampled for organic residue analysis study and were analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Olive oil was one of the most common organic residues detected in the vessels, from the levels of the Wadi Rabah occupation and onwards (sixth to fifth millennia BC). This find throws new light on the exploitation of olives in the southern Levant as well as on the large-scale production and consumption of olive oil in the Late Pottery Neolithic and pre-Ghassulian Chalcolithic times.
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