Journal
ISME JOURNAL
Volume 5, Issue 5, Pages 908-917Publisher
SPRINGERNATURE
DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2010.171
Keywords
archaea; Crenarchaeota; microbial ecology; pyrosequencing; soil
Categories
Funding
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
- Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America
- National Institutes of Health
- US Department of Agriculture
- National Science Foundation
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Division Of Environmental Biology [1027253] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Environmental Biology
- Direct For Biological Sciences [953331] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Archaea, primarily Crenarchaeota, are common in soil; however, the structure of soil archaeal communities and the factors regulating their diversity and abundance remain poorly understood. Here, we used barcoded pyrosequencing to comprehensively survey archaeal and bacterial communities in 146 soils, representing a multitude of soil and ecosystem types from across the globe. Relative archaeal abundance, the percentage of all 16S rRNA gene sequences recovered that were archaeal, averaged 2% across all soils and ranged from 0% to >10% in individual soils. Soil C: N ratio was the only factor consistently correlated with archaeal relative abundances, being higher in soils with lower C: N ratios. Soil archaea communities were dominated by just two phylotypes from a constrained clade within the Crenarchaeota, which together accounted for >70% of all archaeal sequences obtained in the survey. As one of these phylotypes was closely related to a previously identified putative ammonia oxidizer, we sampled from two long-term nitrogen (N) addition experiments to determine if this taxon responds to experimental manipulations of N availability. Contrary to expectations, the abundance of this dominant taxon, as well as archaea overall, tended to decline with increasing N. This trend was coupled with a concurrent increase in known N-oxidizing bacteria, suggesting competitive interactions between these groups. The ISME Journal (2011) 5, 908-917; doi:10.1038/ismej.2010.171; published online 18 November 2010
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