Journal
MOLECULAR PLANT
Volume 8, Issue 10, Pages 1455-1465Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2015.07.002
Keywords
GS2; OsGRF4; QTL; grain size; miR396c; rice
Categories
Funding
- Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2013 CBA01400]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31221004, 31201004, 31201194, 31271700]
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Grain size determines grain weight and affects grain quality. Several major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) regulating grain size have been cloned; however, our understanding of the underlying mechanism that regulates the size of rice grains remains fragmentary. Here, we report the cloning and characterization of a dominant QTL, GRAIN SIZE ON CHROMOSOME 2 (GS2), which encodes Growth-Regulating Factor 4 (OsGRF4), a transcriptional regulator. GS2 localizes to the nucleus and may act as a transcription activator. A rare mutation of GS2 affecting the binding site of a microRNA, OsmiR396c, causes elevated expression of GS2/OsGRF4. The increase in GS2 expression leads to larger cells and increased numbers of cells, which thus enhances grain weight and yield. The introduction of this rare allele of GS2/OsGRF4 into rice cultivars could significantly enhance grain weight and increase grain yield, with possible applications in breeding high-yield rice varieties.
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