Journal
INTERNATIONAL REVIEWS OF IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 30, Issue 2-3, Pages 150-182Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.3109/08830185.2011.572210
Keywords
whole tumor cell vaccine; ovarian carcinoma; immunogenicity; adjuvants; cytokines; Toll-like receptor agonists
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Funding
- NIH [P50-CA083638]
- Ovarian Cancer Research Fund
- Ovarian Cancer Immunotherapy Initiative
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Whole tumor cell lysates can serve as excellent multivalent vaccines for priming tumor-specific CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells. Whole cell vaccines can be prepared with hypochlorous acid oxidation, UVB-irradiation and repeat cycles of freeze and thaw. One major obstacle to successful immunotherapy is breaking self-tolerance to tumor antigens. Clinically approved adjuvants, including Montanide (TM) ISA-51 and 720, and keyhole-limpet proteins can be used to enhance tumor cell immunogenicity by stimulating both humoral and cellular anti-tumor responses. Other potential adjuvants, such as Toll-like receptor agonists (e. g., CpG, MPLA and PolyI:C), and cytokines (e.g., granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor), have also been investigated.
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