Journal
INTERNATIONAL PSYCHOGERIATRICS
Volume 25, Issue 5, Pages 833-841Publisher
CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1017/S1041610212002062
Keywords
major depressive disorder; depression; epidemiology; cardiovascular disease; heart disease; stroke
Funding
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Mental Health [MH 84994]
- National Heart Lung Blood Institute [HC 65233]
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Background: To describe and examine the distribution, disability, and treatment associated with comorbid cardiovascular disease and major depressive disorder (CVD/MDD) among middle-aged and older ethnic/racial groups in the United States. Methods: Cross-sectional data from a national probability sample of household resident adults (18 years and older; N = 16,423) living in the 48 coterminous United States were analyzed. We defined comorbid CVD/MDD as the presence of CVD (e. g. diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, and stroke) among adults who met MDD criteria at or after age 50 years. Results: Two-thirds of middle-aged and older American adults meeting criteria major depression at or after age 50 years also reported a diagnosis of comorbid CVD. Blacks were most likely to meet our comorbid CVD/MDD (74.4%) criteria. The disease burden of depression was also highest among Black respondents. Differences in treatment due to race/ethnicity and comorbidity were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that among middle-aged and older US adults meeting MDD criteria more than half would also report a comorbid CVD. Comorbid CVD/MDD rates varied between the considered ethnic/race groups. Functional impairment associated with comorbid CVD/MDD was higher than MDD alone; however, depression care rates did not differ remarkably. Among middle-aged and older adults meeting MDD criteria, comorbid CVD may be the rule rather than the exception.
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