Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE
Volume 16, Issue 9, Pages 1140-1148Publisher
INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D)
DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.12.0246
Keywords
metabolomics; proteomics; TB diagnosis; transcriptomics; computational biology
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Funding
- EU [HEALTH-F3-2009-241745, FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES-2008-228403, HEALTH-F4-2011-280873]
- European Union, the European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership project 'Collaboration and integration of tuberculosis vaccine trials in Europe and Africa' (TBTEA) [MS.20120.10800.002]
- Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [BMGF GC6-71, 37772]
- Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint Under taking 'Biomarkers for Enhanced Vaccine Safety' [115308]
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Accelerated control of tuberculosis (TB) requires better control measures. Biomarkers, which reliably diagnose active TB or even predict risk of disease progression in individuals, could facilitate rapid diagnosis and treatment of TB patients and allow preventive measures for latently infected individuals with a high risk of TB. Moreover, biomarkers could speed up clinical trials with novel drug and vaccine candidates. Three platforms of global biomarker profiling will be described, with an emphasis on the most recent achievements: transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics. Moreover, we will discuss the need for computational analyses to make the best use of the plethora of data generated by biomarker research. Aside from their potential prognostic and diagnostic value, biomarkers could provide deeper insight into pathological processes underlying disease, and hence form the basis for novel intervention measures that target host molecules and pathways. We propose that biosignatures, which discriminate active TB from both latent infection and uninfected status, as well as from other diseases, will become available within the next decade. However, simple, low-cost biomarker-based point-of-care diagnosis will probably not be achieved in the next few years.
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