Journal
MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 66, Issue 2, Pages 325-339Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.03.249
Keywords
Drosophila melanogaster; Malpighian tubules; Immune response; Ecdysone; Broad complex
Categories
Funding
- Department of Science and Technology [SR/S0/AS-55/2011]
- Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, New Delhi [BT/PR1247/BRB/10/720/2009]
- University Grant Commission, New Delhi, India
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In insects, humoral response to injury is accomplished by the production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) which are secreted in the hemolymph to eliminate the pathogen. Drosophila malpighian tubules (MTs), however, are unique immune organs that show constitutive expression of AMPs even in unchallenged conditions and the onset of immune response is developmental stage dependent. Earlier reports have shown ecdysone positively regulates immune response after pathogenic challenge however, a robust response requires prior potentiation by the hormone. Here we provide evidence to show that MTs do not require prior potentiation with ecdysone hormone for expression of AMPs and they respond to ecdysone very fast even without immune challenge, although the different AMPs Diptericin, Cecropin, Attacin, Drosocin show differential expression in response to ecdysone. We show that early gene Broad complex (BR-C) could be regulating the IMD pathway by activating Relish and physically interacting with it to activate AMPs expression. BR-C depletion from Malpighian tubules renders the flies susceptible to infection. We also show that in MTs ecdysone signaling is transduced by EcR-B1 and B2. In the absence of ecdysone signaling the IMD pathway associated genes are down regulated and activation and translocation of transcription factor Relish is also affected. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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