Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES
Volume 50, Issue 22-23, Pages 3570-3585Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2013.06.023
Keywords
Hydrogel; Finite elasticity; Multi-axial deformation; Constitutive modeling
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Funding
- EU Commission [314744]
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Constitutive equations are derived for the elastic response of swollen elastomers and hydrogels under an arbitrary deformation with finite strains. An expression is developed for the free energy density of a polymer network based on the Flory concept of flexible chains with constrained junctions and solvent-dependent reference configuration. The importance of introduction of a reference configuration evolving under swelling is confirmed by the analysis of experimental data on nanocomposite hydrogels subjected to swelling and drying. Adjustable parameters in the stress-strain relations are found by fitting observations on swollen elastomers, chemical gels (linked by covalent bonds and sliding cross-links), and physical gels under uniaxial stretching, equi-biaxial tension, and pure shear. Good agreement is demonstrated between the observations and results of numerical simulation. A pronounced difference is revealed between the effect of solvent content on elastic moduli of chemical and physical gels. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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