Journal
MOLECULAR CANCER
Volume 14, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
BMC
DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0302-8
Keywords
microRNA; Lung cancer; Epigenetic regulation; Tumor microenvironment
Categories
Funding
- National Science Centre (NCN) [N N403 120440]
- 'Cancer/Mutagenesis' research area of the Leading National Research Centre (KNOW)
- Deutsche Krebshilfe and Dr. Mildred-Scheel-Stiftung
- Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Foundation (Award for Young Full Professors) (Essen, Germany)
- Hella Buhlar Foundation (Heidelberg, Germany)
- Dr. Ingrid zu Solms Foundation, (Frankfurt/Main, Germany)
- FRONTIER Excellence Initiative of the University of Heidelberg
- Walter Schulz Foundation (Munich, Germany)
- German-Israeli Project Cooperation DKFZ-MOST (Ministry of Science and Technology)
- Wilhelm-Sander Foundation (Munich, Germany)
- HIPO/POP-Initiative, DKFZ Heidelberg
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Cancer is an exceedingly complex disease that is orchestrated and driven by a combination of multiple aberrantly regulated processes. The nature and depth of involvement of individual events vary between cancer types, and in lung cancer, the deregulation of the epigenetic machinery, the tumor microenvironment and the immune system appear to be especially relevant. The contribution of microRNAs to carcinogenesis and cancer progression is well established with many reports and investigations describing the involvement of microRNAs in lung cancer, however most of these studies have concentrated on single microRNA-target relations and have not adequately addressed the complexity of their interactions. In this review, we focus, in part, on the role of microRNAs in the epigenetic regulation of lung cancer where they act as active molecules modulating enzymes that take part in methylation-mediated silencing and chromatin remodeling. Additionally, we highlight their contribution in controlling and modulating the tumor microenvironment and finally, we describe their role in the critical alteration of essential molecules that influence the immune system in lung cancer development and progression.
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