Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION
Volume 16, Issue 12, Pages 1209-1220Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2013.821451
Keywords
biomass; halophytes; Odiel Marshes; phytoremediation; pollution; roots
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Funding
- Port Authority of Huelva
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Sedimentary abiotic environment, and concentration and stock of nine metals were analyzed in vegetation and sediments to evaluate the phytoremediation capacity of restored Spartina maritima prairies in the highly polluted Odiel Marshes (SW Iberian Peninsula). Samples were collected in two 10 -m long rows parallel to the tidal line at two sediments depths (0-2cm and 2-20cm). Metal concentrations were measured by inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy. Iron, aluminum, copper, and zinc were the most concentrated metals. Every metal, except nickel, showed higher concentration in the root zone than at the sediment surface, with values as high as ca. 70g Fe kg(-1). The highest metal concentrations in S. maritima tissues were recorded in its roots (maximum for iron in Spartina roots: 4160.2 +/- 945.3mg kg(-1)). Concentrations of aluminum and iron in leaves and roots were higher than in superficial sediments. Rhizosediments showed higher concentrations of every metal than plant tissues, except for nickel. Sediment metal stock in the first 20cm deep was ca. 170.89 t ha(-1). Restored S. maritima prairies, with relative cover of 62 +/- 6%, accumulated ca. 22kg metals ha(-1). Our results show S. maritima to be an useful biotool for phytoremediation projects in European salt marshes.
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