Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
Volume 417, Issue 1-2, Pages 120-137Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.02.001
Keywords
Transmission electron microscopy; Cryoelectron microscopy; Colloidal drug carrier systems; Liposomes; Nanoparticles; Colloidal emulsions
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Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) has evolved into an indispensable tool for the characterization of colloidal drug delivery systems. It can be applied to study the size, shape and internal structure of nanoparticulate carrier systems as well as the overall colloidal composition of the corresponding dispersions. This review gives a short overview over the instrumentation used in cryo-TEM experiments and over the sample preparation procedure. Selected examples of cryo-TEM studies on colloidal drug carrier systems, including liposomes, colloidal lipid emulsions, solid lipid nanoparticles, thermotropic and lyotropic liquid crystalline nanoparticles, polymer-based colloids and delivery systems for nucleic acids, are presented in order to illustrate the wealth of information that can be obtained by this technique. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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