Oral strength in subjects with a unilateral cleft lip and palate

Purpose: Facial appearance and speech outcome may affect psychosocial functioning in girls and boys. Several studies reported dissatisfaction, with facial appearance and more specifically the lip and mouth profile in children with cleft lip and palate (CLP). The purpose of this controlled study was to measure the tongue and lip strength and endurance in boys and girls with CLP. Methods: Twenty-five subjects (mean age: 10.6 years) with a unilateral CLP and a gender- and agematched control group were selected. All subjects with an unilateral CLP consulted the same craniofacial team and had undergone an identical surgical procedure. Surgical procedure of the lip was performed using a modified Millard technique without primary nose correction at an average age of 5.5 months. The Iowa Oral Performance instrument was used to measure lip and tongue strength and tongue endurance. Results: The results of the Iowa Oral Performance measurement showed no significant differences between the subjects with an unilateral cleft lip and palate and the age and gender matched control group without a cleft lip and palate. Conclusion: There is no significant differences regarding oral strength more specifically the lip and tongue strength and endurance between subjects with and without an unilateral cleft lip and palate. ENT specialists and speech pathologists must be aware of this aspect of the normal lip and tongue functions. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.