Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
Volume 17, Issue 4, Pages 541-552Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1017/S1461145713001478
Keywords
suicidality; NPSR1; neuropeptide S; anxiety; Affective disorders
Funding
- Estonian Ministry of Education and Science [0180027]
- Estonian Science Foundation [8622, 8607]
- European Social Fund [3-8.2/60]
- European Regional Development Fund (National Health Research Programme TerVE project ELIKTU) [3.2.10002.11-0002]
- DFG [SFB TRR 58, A05, B06, C02, Z02, DE357/4-1, RTG 1256, SFB TRR 58 A5]
- BMBF (Panic-Net and DZHI [01EO1004]
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Neuropeptide S is involved in anxiety and arousal modulation, and the functional polymorphism Asn(107)Ile (rs324981, A>T) of the neuropeptide S receptor gene (NPSR1) is associated with panic disorder and anxiety/fear-related traits. NPSR1 also interacts with the environment in shaping personality and impulsivity. We therefore examined whether the NPSR1 A/T polymorphism is associated with affective and anxiety disorders in a population-representative sample. Lifetime psychiatric disorders were assessed by MINI interview (n=501) in the older cohort of the longitudinal Estonian Children Personality, Behaviour and Health Study (ECPBHS). Anxiety (STAI), self-esteem (RSES), depression (M angstrom DRS), suicide attempts and environmental factors were self-reported in both the younger (original n=583) and the older cohort (original n=593). Most of the NPSR1 effects were sex-specific and depended on environmental factors. Females with the functionally least active NPSR1 AA genotype and exposed to environmental adversity had affective/anxiety disorders more frequently; they also exhibited higher anxiety and depressiveness, and lower self-esteem. Female AA homozygotes also reported suicidal behaviour more frequently, and this was further accentuated by adverse family environment. In the general population, the NPSR1 A/T polymorphism together with environmental factors is associated with anxious, depressive and activity-related traits, increased prevalence of affective/anxiety disorders and a higher likelihood of suicidal behaviour.
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