Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE
Volume 9, Issue -, Pages 51-63Publisher
DOVE MEDICAL PRESS LTD
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S26592
Keywords
drug delivery; endocytosis; exocytosis; cancer cell; macrophage; nanoparticle; toxicity
Funding
- Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning [2012M3A9C6050125]
- National R&D Program for Cancer Control, Ministry for Health and Welfare [1220070]
- World Class University program - Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, Republic of Korea [R32-2008-000-10218-0]
- National Research Foundation of Korea
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Engineered nanoparticles that can be injected into the human body hold tremendous potential to detect and treat complex diseases. Understanding of the endocytosis and exocytosis mechanisms of nanoparticles is essential for safe and efficient therapeutic application. In particular, exocytosis is of significance in the removal of nanoparticles with drugs and contrast agents from the body, while endocytosis is of great importance for the targeting of nanoparticles in disease sites. Here, we review the recent research on the endocytosis and exocytosis of functionalized nanoparticles based on various sizes, shapes, and surface chemistries. We believe that this review contributes to the design of safe nanoparticles that can efficiently enter and leave human cells and tissues.
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