Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE
Volume 7, Issue -, Pages 3333-3339Publisher
DOVE MEDICAL PRESS LTD
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S31711
Keywords
solid lipid nanoparticles; cell penetration peptides; stearic acid octaarginine; insulin; oral administration
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [30901867, 30973649]
- Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China [20090096110002]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University [JKQ2011016]
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The aim of this study was to design and characterize solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) modified with stearic acid-octaarginine (SA-R-8) as carriers for oral administration of insulin (SA-R-8-Ins-SLNs). The SLNs were prepared by spontaneous emulsion solvent diffusion methods. The mean particle size, zeta potential, drug loading, and encapsulation efficiency of the SA-R-8-InsSLNs were 162 nm, 29.87 mV, 3.19%, and 76.54%, respectively. The zeta potential of the SLNs changed dramatically, from -32.13 mV to 29.87 mV, by binding the positively charged SA-R-8. Morphological studies of SA-R-8-Ins-SLNs using transmission electron microscopy showed that they were spherical. In vitro, a degradation experiment by enzymes showed that SLNs and SA-R-8 could partially protect insulin from proteolysis. Compared to the insulin solution, the SA-R-8-Ins-SLNs increased the Caco-2 cell's internalization by up to 18.44 times. In the in vivo studies, a significant hypoglycemic effect in diabetic rats over controls was obtained, with a SA-R-8-Ins-SLN pharmacological availability value of 13.86 +/- 0.79. These results demonstrate that SA-R-8-modified SLNs promote the oral absorption of insulin.
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