Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE
Volume 5, Issue -, Pages 783-802Publisher
DOVE MEDICAL PRESS LTD
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S13300
Keywords
actinium-225 (Ac-225); zirconium-89 (Zr-89); angiogenesis; vascular endothelial-cadherin; radioimmunotherapy (RIT); radioimmunoPET
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [R21 CA128406, R01 CA55349, R25T CA096945, R24 CA83084, P30 CA08748, P01 CA33049]
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Brain Tumor Center
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Experimental Therapeutics Center
- Geoffrey Beene Cancer Research Center of Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
- Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy [DE-SC0002456]
- NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE [R21CA128406, P01CA033049, R24CA083084, R25CA096945, R01CA055349, P30CA008748] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES [T32GM007739] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Single wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) constructs were covalently appended with radiometal-ion chelates (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid [DOTA] or desferrioxamine B [DFO]) and the tumor neovascular-targeting antibody E4G10. The E4G10 antibody specifically targeted the monomeric vascular endothelial-cadherin (VE-cad) epitope expressed in the tumor angiogenic vessels. The construct specific activity and blood compartment clearance kinetics were significantly improved relative to corresponding antibody-alone constructs. We performed targeted radioimmunotherapy with a SWCNT-([Ac-225]DOTA) (E4G10) construct directed at the tumor vasculature in a murine xenograft model of human colon adenocarcinoma (LS174T). The specific construct reduced tumor volume and improved median survival relative to controls. We also performed positron emission tomographic (PET) radioimmunoimaging of the tumor vessels with a SWCNT-([Zr-89]DFO)(E4G10) construct in the same murine LS174T xenograft model and compared the results to appropriate controls. Dynamic and longitudinal PET imaging of LS174T tumor-bearing mice demonstrated rapid blood clearance (, 1 hour) and specific tumor accumulation of the specific construct. Incorporation of the SWCNT scaffold into the construct design permitted us to amplify the specific activity to improve the signal-to-noise ratio without detrimentally impacting the immunoreactivity of the targeting antibody moiety. Furthermore, we were able to exploit the SWCNT pharmacokinetic (PK) profile to favorably alter the blood clearance and provide an advantage for rapid imaging. Near-infrared three-dimensional fluorescent-mediated tomography was used to image the LS174T tumor model, collect antibody-alone PK data, and calculate the number of copies of VE-cad epitope per cell. All of these studies were performed as a single administration of construct and were found to be safe and well tolerated by the murine model. These data have implications that support further imaging and radiotherapy studies using a SWCNT- based platform and focusing on the tumor vessels as the target.
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