Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 19, Issue 8, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082423
Keywords
sonic hedgehog; neurogenesis; anti-oxidation; anti-inflammation; autophagy; neurodegenerative diseases
Funding
- Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) in Taiwan [MOST 103-2314-B-010-013-MY3, MOST 104-2314-B-010-014-MY2, MOST 106-2314-B-010-018-MY3, MOST 107-2314-B-010-020-MY3, MOST 106-2314-B-182-031, MOST 106-2314-B-182A-002]
- Department of Health in Taipei City Government [10501-62-050, 10601-62-003]
- Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Taiwan [CMRPG8F1891, CMRPG8F1892, CMRPG8F1512]
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University from The Featured Areas Research Center Program within the Higher Education Sprout Project by the Ministry of Education (MOE) in Taiwan [107BRC-B408]
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Sonic hedgehog (Shh), a member of the hedgehog (Hh) family, was originally recognized as a morphogen possessing critical characters for neural development during embryogenesis. Recently, however, Shh has emerged as an important modulator in adult neural tissues through different mechanisms such as neurogenesis, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and autophagy. Therefore, Shh may potentially have clinical application in neurodegenerative diseases and brain injuries. In this article, we present some examples, including ours, to show different aspects of Shh signaling and how Shh agonists or mimetics are used to alter the neuronal fates in various disease models, both in vitro and in vivo. Other potential mechanisms that are discussed include alteration of mitochondrial function and anti-aging effect; both are critical for age-related neurodegenerative diseases. A thorough understanding of the protective mechanisms elicited by Shh may provide a rationale to design innovative therapeutic regimens for various neurodegenerative diseases.
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