4.7 Review

Mechanisms Underlying the Anti-Aging and Anti-Tumor Effects of Lithocholic Bile Acid

Journal

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 15, Issue 9, Pages 16522-16543

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms150916522

Keywords

bioactive lipids; lipid metabolism; lipidomics; bile acids; aging and age-related diseases; cancer; anti-aging and anti-tumor therapeutic agents; endoplasmic reticulum; mitochondria; cell death

Funding

  1. Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada
  2. Concordia University Chair Fund
  3. Canadian Institutes of Health Research
  4. NSERC of Canada

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Bile acids are cholesterol-derived bioactive lipids that play essential roles in the maintenance of a heathy lifespan. These amphipathic molecules with detergent-like properties display numerous beneficial effects on various longevity- and healthspan-promoting processes in evolutionarily distant organisms. Recent studies revealed that lithocholic bile acid not only causes a considerable lifespan extension in yeast, but also exhibits a substantial cytotoxic effect in cultured cancer cells derived from different tissues and organisms. The molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the robust anti-aging and anti-tumor effects of lithocholic acid have emerged. This review summarizes the current knowledge of these mechanisms, outlines the most important unanswered questions and suggests directions for future research.

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