Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 10, Issue 11, Pages 5090-5103Publisher
MDPI AG
DOI: 10.3390/ijms10115090
Keywords
fumonisins; aflatoxins; corn (Zea mays L.); mycotoxins; mycoflora; Fusarium verticillioides; Aspergillus flavus
Funding
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo ( FAPESP)
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Natural mycoflora and co-occurrence of fumonisins (FB1, FB2) and aflatoxins (AFB(1), AFB(2), AFG(1) and AFG(2)) in freshly harvested corn grain samples from four regions of Brazil were investigated. Fusarium verticillioides was predominant in all samples. Analysis of fumonisins showed that 98% of the samples were contaminated with FB1 and 74.5% with FB1 + FB2, with toxin levels ranging from 0.015 to 9.67 mu g/g for FB1 and from 0.015 to 3.16 mu g/g for FB2. Twenty-one (10.5%) samples were contaminated with AFB(1), seven (3.5%) with AFB(2) and only one (0.5%) with AFG(1) and AFG(2). Co-contamination with aflatoxins and fumonisins was observed in 7% of the samples. The highest contamination of fumonisins and aflatoxins was observed in Nova Odessa (SP) and Varzea Grande (MT), respectively. The lowest contamination of these mycotoxins was found in Varzea Grande and Nova Odessa, respectively.
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