Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS D
Volume 18, Issue 9, Pages 1395-1411Publisher
WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
DOI: 10.1142/S0218271809015175
Keywords
Magnetic fields; inflation
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We analyze the generation of seed magnetic fields during de Sitter inflation considering a noninvariant conformal term in the electromagnetic Lagrangian of the form - 1/4I(phi)F-mu nu(F) over tilde (mu nu) where I(phi) is a pseudoscalar function of a nontrivial background field phi. In particular, we consider a toy model that could be realized owing to the coupling between the photon and either a (tachyonic) massive pseudoscalar field or a massless pseudoscalar field nonminimally coupled to gravity, where I follows a simple power law behavior I(k, eta) = g/(-k eta)(beta) during inflation, while it is negligibly small subsequently. Here, g is a positive dimensionless constant, k the wave number, eta the conformal time, and beta a real positive number. We find that only when beta = 1 and 0.1 less than or similar to g less than or similar to 2 can astrophysically interesting fields be produced as excitation of the vacuum, and that they are maximally helical.
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