Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MINERALS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS
Volume 20, Issue 3, Pages 221-227Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s12613-013-0716-5
Keywords
pyrolusite; ore roasting; ore reduction; fluidized beds; kinetics; stone coal
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21176026, 21176242]
- National High Technology Research and Development Program of China [2012AA062401]
- National Key Technology R&D Program of China [2012BAB07B05, 2012BAB14B05]
- China Ocean Mineral resources RD Association [DY125-15-T-08]
- Fundamental Reserarch Funds for the Central Universities of China [FRT-TP-09-002B]
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Based on the fluidized roasting reduction technology of low-grade pyrolusite coupling with pretreatment of stone coal, the manganese reduction efficiency was investigated and technical conditions were optimized. It is found that the optimum manganese reduction efficiency can be up to 98.97% under the conditions that the mass ratio of stone coal to pyrolusite is 3: 1, the roasting temperature of stone coal is 1000 degrees C, the roasting temperature of pyrolusite is 800 degrees C, and the roasting time is 2 h. Other low-grade pyrolusite ores in China from Guangxi, Hunan, and Guizhou Provinces were tested and all these minerals responded well, giving similar to 99% manganese reduction efficiency. Meanwhile, the reduction kinetic model has been established. It is confirmed that the reduction process is controlled by the interface chemical reaction. The apparent activation energy is 36.397 kJ/mol.
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