Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 76, Issue -, Pages 64-69Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.08.017
Keywords
Poliomyelitis; VAPP; Poliovirus vaccine; IPV; OPV
Categories
Funding
- Federal Budget of the Russian Federation
- WHO Polio Eradication Programme
- WHO Regional Office for Europe
- Russian Science Foundation [15-15-00147]
- Russian academic excellence project 5-100
- Russian Science Foundation [15-15-00147] Funding Source: Russian Science Foundation
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Objectives: Different polio vaccination schemes have been used in Russia: oral polio vaccine (OPV) was used in 1998-2007 and inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) followed by OPV in 2008-2014. This article presents the characteristics of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) cases in Russia during this period. Methods: VAPP cases were identified through the acute flaccid paralysis surveillance system, classified by the National Expert Classification Committee. Criteria for a 'recipient VAPP' (rVAPP) case were poliomyelitis symptoms 6-30 days a(f)ter OPV administration, isolation of the vaccine virus, and residual paralysis 60 days after disease onset. Unvaccinated cases with a similar picture 6-60 days after contact with an OPV recipient were classified as 'contact VAPP' (cVAPP) cases. Results: During 1998-2014, 127 VAPP cases were registered: 82 rVAPP and 45 cVAPP. During the period in which only OPV was used, rVAPP cases prevailed (73.8%); cases of rVAPP were reduced during the sequential scheme period (15%). Poliovirus type 3 (39.5%) and type 2 (23.7%) were isolated more often. Vaccine-derived poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3 were isolated from three cases of cVAPP. The incidence of VAPP cases was higher during the period of OPV use (1 case/1.59 million OPV doses) than during the sequential scheme period (1 case/4.18 million doses). Conclusion: The risk of VAPP exists if OPV remains in the vaccination schedule. (c) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases.
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