Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 17, Issue 8, Pages E572-E576Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.12.024
Keywords
Leishmaniasis; Vector; Transplantation; HIV; Asymptomatic infection; Immunocompetent host; Immunocompromised host
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Visceral leishmaniases are vector-borne parasitic diseases caused by protozoa belonging to the genus Leishmania. The heterogeneity of clinical manifestations and epidemiological characteristics of the disease reflect the complex interplay between the infecting Leishmania species and the genetic and immunologic characteristics of the infected host. The clinical presentation of visceral leishmaniasis depends strictly on the immunocompetency of the host and ranges from asymptomatic to severe forms. Conditions of depression of the immune system, such as HIV infection or immunosuppressive treatments, impair the capability of the immune response to resolve the infection and allow reactivation and relapses of the disease. (C) 2013 International Society for Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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