Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
Volume 39, Issue 28, Pages 15464-15473Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.07.126
Keywords
Phosphorus doping; Nitrogenous carbon nanotubes; Polypyrrole functionalization; Metal-free electrocatalysts; Oxygen reduction reaction
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Funding
- Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China [20130043110006]
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Novel phosphorus-doped polypyrrole functionalized nitrogenous carbon nanotubes (P/NCNTs) was developed for the first time as metal-free electrocatalyst for enhancing the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity in alkaline medium. The P/NCNTs was successfully synthesized by pyrolyzing PPy and triphenylphosphane (TPP) under N-2, using pyrrole as carbon and nitrogen precursors, TPP as phosphorus precursor. Various characterizations such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectra, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) reveal that the P/NCNTs material has covalently bound P atoms with carbon framework, which can introduce defect sites and can induce uneven charge distribution. Moreover, the content of pyridine N increased after P-doping, which is of great significance in improving the ORR activity. The electrochemical behavior of the resultant material shows that the P/NCNTs has much enhanced electroactivity and better stability for ORR. Additionally, a direct four-electron pathway occurred efficiently on P/NCNTs modified electrode. These enhanced performances indicate that P/NCNTs catalyst may be an excellent cathode catalyst for ORR. Copyright (C) 2014, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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