Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
Volume 39, Issue 34, Pages 19555-19562Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.08.154
Keywords
Biodiesel; Transesterification; Acidic catalyst; Zr-SBA-15
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Funding
- National Science Council Taiwan program [NSC 101-2815-C-040-002-E]
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A series of mesoporous Zr-SBA-15-supported Na catalysts was prepared and applied to the heterogeneous catalysis of canola oil transesterification. The effects of Si/Zr ratio, reaction time, and percentage of Na loading on the conversion to fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) were studied. The dependence of the textural structure and chemical properties of Zr-SBA-15 supports on Zr content was investigated using small-angle X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The results obtained from FTIR and TEM indicate that the incorporation of Zr atoms into the SBA-15 structure facilitated the formation of Bronsted acid sites and decreased the particle size of Na species. Catalysts with a higher Zr content enhanced the FAME yield. The optimum conditions determined were as follows: reaction temperature of 70 degrees C, 15 wt.% Na, reaction time of 6 h, and 12% catalyst content (wt.% oil) with a methanol/oil molar ratio of 6:1. The optimum conditions resulted in a FAME yield of up to 99%. Copyright (C) 2014, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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