4.7 Article

Investigation of novel mixed metal ferrites for pure H-2 and CO2 production using chemical looping

Journal

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
Volume 38, Issue 22, Pages 9085-9096

Publisher

PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.05.078

Keywords

Hydrogen; Chemical looping; Ferrite; Syngas; Energy storage; CO2 sequestration

Funding

  1. National Science Foundation [CBET 0966201]
  2. U.S. Department of Energy Fuel Cell Technologies Program via the Solar Thermochemical Hydrogen (STCH) directive
  3. U.S. Department of Education Graduate Assistance in Areas of National Need Program

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The mixed metal oxides NiFe2O4 and CoFe2O4 are candidate materials for the Chemical Looping Hydrogen (CLH) process, which produces pure and separate streams of H-2 and CO2 without the use of complicated and expensive separations equipment. In the CLH process, syngas reduces a metal oxide, oxidizing the H-2 and CO in the syngas to H2O and CO2, and stores the chemical energy of the syngas in the reduced metal oxide. The reduced metal oxide is then oxidized in steam to regenerate the original metal oxide and produce H-2. In this study, we report thermodynamic modeling and experimental results regarding the syngas reduction and H2O oxidation of NiFe2O4 and COFe2O4 to determine the feasibility of their use in the CLH process. Modeling predicts the oxidation of nearly all the CO and H-2 in syngas to H2O and CO2 during the reduction step for both materials, and regeneration of the mixed metal spinel phase during oxidation with excess H2O. Laboratory tests in a packed bed reactor confirmed over 99% conversion of H-2 and CO to H2O and CO2 during reduction of NiFe2O4 and CoFe2O4. Powder XRD analysis of the reduced materials showed, in accordance with thermodynamic predictions, the presence of a spinel phase and a metallic phase. High reactivity of the reduced NiFe2O4 and COFe2O4 with H2O was observed, and XRD analysis confirmed re-oxidation to NiFe2O4 and CoFe2O4 under the conditions tested. When compared with a conventional Fe-based CLH material, the mixed metal spinels showed a higher extent of reduction under the same conditions, and produced four times the H-2 per mass of active material than the Fe-based material. Analysis of the H-2 and CO consumed in the reduction and the H-2 produced during the oxidation showed over 90% conversion of the H-2 and CO in syngas back to H-2 during oxidation. Copyright (C) 2013, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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