Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
Volume 37, Issue 8, Pages 6880-6885Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.01.103
Keywords
Pt nanoparticle; Ultra-high metal loading; Multi-step reduction; Catalyst utilization; Direct methanol fuel cell
Categories
Funding
- Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [2011-0005713]
- Inter-Metropolitan Cooperation Development
- Presidential Committee on Regional Development
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Carbon-supported Pt nanoparticle catalysts with ultra-high loading up to 85% are prepared by multi-step reduction (Pt/C-nR), in which additional Pt precursors are reduced upon a preformed Pt/C catalyst (Pt/C-1R). Transmission electron microscopy images show that the Pt/C-nR catalysts are composed of multilayers of Pt nanoparticles. The multiply stacked morphology in the Pt/C-nR catalysts may originate from the local overgrowth of additionally reduced Pt nanoparticles on the pre-existing Pt nanoparticles in the Pt/C-1R catalyst rather than conformal growth. The electrochemical characterizations by cyclic voltammograms in HClO4 solution reveal that Pt/C-2R catalyst exhibits an increased Pt utilization over the Pt/C-1R catalyst of the same Pt loading on the carbon support where a significant portion of catalytically active surfaces are buried within micropores of carbons. Furthermore, a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) single cell employing Pt/C-2R catalyst exhibits an enhanced DMFC performance compared to a single cell using the Pt/C-1R catalyst, demonstrating the importance of morphological control of Pt nanoparticles that can improve the catalyst utilization. Copyright (C) 2012, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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