Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
Volume 37, Issue 12, Pages 9496-9503Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.03.061
Keywords
In-situ activation; Hydrogen evolution; Rare earth metal ions; Ligand-bound water reduction
Categories
Funding
- Swedish Energy Agency
- Eka Chemicals AB
- Permascand AB
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Activation of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in close to pH-neutral electrolytes can be achieved by addition of trivalent cations. This activation has been investigated using steady state polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and chemical analysis of cathode films for yttrium. Several multivalent cations were included in this study, such as Al(III), Mg(II), Y(III), Sm(III), La(III) and Sc(III). In general the more acidic the metal ions the larger is the activation. Metal hydroxide films formed in the alkaline diffusion layer at the cathode surface can have a negative impact on the magnitude of this activation, and therefore complicate the interpretation of the results. The activation corresponds to a transport of metal ion complexes to the electrode surface and the reduction of bound ligand water to form hydrogen. Copyright (C) 2012, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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