Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
Volume 35, Issue 15, Pages 8014-8021Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.05.089
Keywords
Microstructure; Inclusions; APISL X100 steel; Pipelines; Hydrogen-induced cracking
Categories
Funding
- Canada Research Chairs Program
- Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
Ask authors/readers for more resources
In this work, the type, composition and distribution of inclusions contained in an API5L X100 steel were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray analysis. A hydrogen-charging at various current densities was used to introduce hydrogen into the steel, and the correlation between HIC and the inclusions was established. The microstructure of the steel consists of a leather-like bainitic ferrite matrix, with martensite/austenite as the second phase particles. At least four types of inclusions are contained in APISL X100 steel, elongated MnS inclusions and spherical Al-, Si- and Ca-Al-OS-enriched inclusions. In particular, the majority of inclusions in the steel are Al-enriched. Upon hydrogen-charging, hydrogen blisters and HIC could be caused in the steel in the absence of external stress. The cracks are primarily associated with the Al- and Si-enriched inclusions, rather than the elongated MnS inclusion. The critical amount of hydrogen resulting in HIC of the tested API5L X100 steel is determined to be 3.24 ppm under condition in this work. (C) 2010 Professor T. Nejat Veziroglu. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available