Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
Volume 34, Issue 9, Pages 3845-3857Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.02.084
Keywords
PEM fuel cell; Liquid water transport; Visualization; Flooding; Flow field; Gas diffusion layer; Gas diffusion medium; Porous transport layer; Review
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Funding
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada
- Bullitt Foundation
- University of Toronto
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Over the past few years, the importance of water management to the successful operation of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells has stimulated an extensive research focus on liquid water transport and its effect on performance and durability. Empirical methods employed to investigate water transport in the fuel cell have the potential to provide useful feedback for developing empirical correlations and validating numerical models for fuel cell research and development. In this paper, a literature review is provided for the experimental techniques that have been applied to visualize liquid water in operating hydrogen PEM fuel cells and flow fields. The main hypotheses that have been proposed to describe liquid water transport in the gas diffusion layer (GDL) and current challenges will also be discussed. (C) 2009 International Association for Hydrogen Energy. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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