Schistosomiasis among pregnant women in rural communities in Nigeria

Objective: To assess the epidemiology of urogenital schistosomiasis among pregnant women in rural communities of southwestern Nigeria. Methods: The present cross-sectional epidemiologic survey of urogenital schistosomiasis was conducted during 2010-2011 among pregnant women in Yewa North Local Government, Ogun State, Nigeria. The women were microscopically screened for infection with Schistosoma haematobium. Results: Of 313 volunteer participants, 20.8% tested positive for S. haematobium infection. The prevalence of infection was highest (31.5%) among women aged 20-24 years. The infection intensity did not differ significantly between age groups (t = 1.848, P = 0.71). Primigravidae and women in the first trimester of pregnancy had the highest intensity of infection with 33.1 and 27.7 eggs/10 mL of urine, respectively. There was an association between disease prevalence and parasite intensity across the age groups (chi(2) = 68.82, P = 0.02). The prevalence of S. haematobium was not associated with age or pregnancy trimester (P = 0.06), but associations existed between intensity of infection and gravidity (P = 0.001). Conclusion: The prevalence of urogenital schistosomiasis among pregnant women in Nigeria was high, with younger women and primigravidae at the greatest risk. These data can be used to develop a schistosomiasis control program among pregnant women in the study area. (c) 2013 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.