Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SCIENCE
Volume 27, Issue 5, Pages 866-882Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/13658816.2012.724175
Keywords
space-time hotspot; street address; network; search window
Categories
Funding
- Canon Foundation in Europe
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This study proposes a street-level space-time hotspot detection method to analyse crime incidents recorded at the street-address level and provides description of the micro-level variation of crime incidents over space and time. It expands the notion of search-window techniques widely used in crime science by developing a method that can account for the spatial-temporal distribution of crime incidents measured in network distance. The study first describes the methodological framework by presenting the concept of a new type of search window and how it is used in the process of statistical testing for detecting crime hotspots. This is followed by analyses using (1) a simulated distribution of points along the street network, and (2) a set of real street-crime incident data. The simulation study demonstrates that the proposed method is effective in identifying space-time hotspots, which include those that are not detected by a non-temporal method. The empirical analysis of the drug markets and assaults in downtown Buffalo, New York, revealed a detailed space-time signature of each type of crime, highlighting the recurrent nature of drug dealing at specific locations as well as the sporadic tendency of assault incidents.
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