Complexation between milk proteins and polysaccharides via electrostatic interaction: principles and applications - a review

This article details recent research conducted on the complexation between milk proteins and polysaccharides and the properties of the complexes, and the application of such relationships to the food industry. Complexation between proteins and polysaccharides through electrostatic interactions gives either soluble complexes in a stable solution or insoluble complexes, leading to phase separation. The formation and the stability of these complexes are influenced by pH, ionic strength, ratio of protein to polysaccharide, charge density of protein and polysaccharide as well as processing conditions (temperature, shearing and time). The functional properties of milk proteins, such as solubility, surface activity, conformational stability, gel-forming ability, emulsifying properties and foaming properties, are improved through the formation of complexes with polysaccharides. These changes in the functional properties provide opportunities to create new ingredients for the food industry.