Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 189, Issue -, Pages 18-25Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.07.026
Keywords
Aflatoxigenicity; Aflatoxin; Aspergillus section Flavi; Feed; Poultry
Categories
Funding
- EU MycoRed project [WP 8.2.7 IFA/BOKU]
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The distribution and aflatoxigenicity of Aspergillus section Flavi isolates in 58 commercial poultry feed samples obtained from 17 states in five agro-ecological zones (AEZs) in Nigeria were determined in order to assess the safety of the feeds with respect to aflatoxin-producing fungi. Correlation was also performed for incidence of species, aflatoxin-producing ability of isolates in vitro, and aflatoxin (AFB(1)) concentrations in the feed. A total of 1006 Aspergillus section Flavi isolates were obtained from 87.9% of the feed samples and identified as Aspergillus flavus, unnamed taxon S-BG, Aspergillus parasiticus and Aspergillus tamarii. A.flavus was the most prevalent (91.8%) of the isolates obtained from the feed in the AEZs while A. parasiticus had the lowest incidence (0.1%) and was isolated only from a layer mash sample collected from the DS zone. About 29% of the Aspergillus isolates produced aflatoxins in maize grains at concentrations up to 440,500 mu g/kg B and 341,000 mu g/kg G aflatoxins. The incidence of toxigenic isolates was highest (44.4%) in chick mash and lowest (19.9%) in grower mash. The population of A.flavus in the feed had positive (r = 0.50) but non significant (p > 0.05) correlations with proportion of toxigenic isolates obtained from the feed while SBG had significant (p < 0.001) positive (r = 0.99) influence on AFB(1) concentrations in the feed. Poultry feed in Nigerian markets are therefore highly contaminated with aflatoxigenic Aspergillus species and consequently, aflatoxins. This is a potential threat to the poultry industry and requires urgent intervention. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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