Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
Volume 39, Issue 5, Pages 1193-1202Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyq064
Keywords
Smoking; body mass index; siblings
Categories
Funding
- Swedish Research Council [K2007-70X-20510-01-4]
- SIMSAM [839-2008-7483]
- Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research
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Methods In a population-based Swedish cohort comprising 124 203 singleton males born to Nordic mothers between 1983 and 1988, we examined the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and the risk of overweight in the offspring at age similar to 18 years. We also investigated the association within siblings, controlling for common genes and shared environment. Results In the cohort analyses, the risk of overweight was increased in sons of smoking mothers compared with sons of non-smokers: adjusted odds ratios 1.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.34-1.49, and 1.56, 95% CI 1.46-1.66, for one to nine cigarettes per day, and > 10 cigarettes per day, respectively. Stratifying for maternal smoking habits across two subsequent male pregnancies, there was an increased risk of overweight for the second son only if the mother was smoking in both male pregnancies. The effect of smoking during pregnancy on the offspring's body mass index was not present when the association was evaluated within full and half sibling pairs. Conclusion The association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and offspring's risk of overweight appears to be confounded by familial factors.
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