Journal
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE
Volume 46A, Issue 7, Pages 2851-2861Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11661-015-2872-x
Keywords
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Funding
- U.K. Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/L019965/1]
- Royal Society
- Hull University & Chinese Scholarship Council (Hull-CSC)
- Diamond Light Source, UK [EE8542-1]
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, US [GUP 23649, GUP 26170]
- synchrotron X-ray beam time
- U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/L019965/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- EPSRC [EP/L019965/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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The highly dynamic behavior of ultrasonic bubble implosion in liquid metal, the multiphase liquid metal flow containing bubbles and particles, and the interaction between ultrasonic waves and semisolid phases during solidification of metal were studied in situ using the complementary ultrafast and high-speed synchrotron X-ray imaging facilities housed, respectively, at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, US, and Diamond Light Source, UK. Real-time ultrafast X-ray imaging of 135,780 frames per second revealed that ultrasonic bubble implosion in a liquid Bi-8 wt pctZn alloy can occur in a single wave period (30 kHz), and the effective region affected by the shockwave at implosion was 3.5 times the original bubble diameter. Furthermore, ultrasound bubbles in liquid metal move faster than the primary particles, and the velocity of bubbles is 70 similar to 100 pct higher than that of the primary particles present in the same locations close to the sonotrode. Ultrasound waves can very effectively create a strong swirling flow in a semisolid melt in less than one second. The energetic flow can detach solid particles from the liquid-solid interface and redistribute them back into the bulk liquid very effectively.
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