Cutaneous leishmaniasis associated with visceral leishmaniasis in a case of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

Leishmania/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection is emerging as an increasingly frequent and extremely serious new disease. Although many reports have described the association of visceral leishmaniasis and AIDS, cutaneous leishmaniasis associated with AIDS is very uncommon. We describe a case of visceral leishmaniasis/HIV coinfection associated with cutaneous Leishman body-positive lesions in a patient from Jahrom, a city in Fars province in Iran. Our case demonstrated that it is better to evaluate the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis in patients who present with cutaneous leishmaniasis and HIV infection.