Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
Volume 166, Issue 3, Pages 572-583Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.05.098
Keywords
Infection; Atherosclerosis; Toll-like receptors; Inflammasome; Autoimmunity
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The role of inflammation and immunity in the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of atherosclerotic disease has been widely studied. Common infectious diseases can be associated with a chronic inflammatory state which is the hallmark of atherosclerosis, thus suggesting a possible link between the two pathological conditions. Therefore, a great number of studies have tested the infection hypothesis, but their results are conflicting. Nevertheless, several molecular and biological mechanisms possibly involved in the complex relationship between infections, immune response, vascular wall damage and atherosclerosis onset and progression have been described. The purpose of this article is to offer an overview of the principal mechanisms and molecular pathways that probably constitute the most relevant biological substrate on which the infection hypothesis is founded; some of these mechanisms are not fully understood yet. Nevertheless, their comprehension could be essential for the development of new preventive and therapeutic strategies. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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