Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
Volume 135, Issue 8, Pages 1918-1930Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28835
Keywords
lung cancer; secondhand smoke; environmental tobacco smoke; involuntary smoking; International Lung Cancer Consortium
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [1U19CA148127-01, R01CA060691, R01CA87895, N01PC35145, P30CA22453, CA125203, CA11386, ES011667, CA90833, CA09142, CA092824, CA74386, CA090578, CA77118, CA80127, CA115857, CA084354, P20RR018787, R01CA 55874]
- German Research Foundation [GRK1034]
- Canadian Cancer Society [CCSRI 020214]
- Cancer Care Ontario Research Chair Award
- Karmanos Cancer Institute [WSU/KCI-1, WSU/KCI-2]
- Alper Research Funds for Environmental Genomics
- Mayo Foundation Fund
- Roy Castle Lung Cancer Foundation, United Kingdom
- World Cancer Research Fund
- European Commissions INCO-COPERNICUS Program [IC15-CT96-0313]
- Polish State Committee for Scientific Research [SPUB-M-COPERNICUS/P-05/DZ-30/99/2000]
- European Regional Development Fund
- State Budget of the Czech Republic
- RECAMO
- MH CZ DRO [CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0101, MMCI, 00209805]
- Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare for the 3rd-term Comprehensive 10-year Strategy for Cancer Control of Japan
- National Cancer Center Research and Development Fund of Japan
- Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, Culture and Technology of Japan
- University of Genoa
- AIRC (Associazione Italians per la Ricerca sul Cancro)
- National Medical Research Council, Singapore [NMRC/1996/0155, NMRC/0897/2004, NMRC/1075/2006]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [25293143] Funding Source: KAKEN
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While the association between exposure to secondhand smoke and lung cancer risk is well established, few studies with sufficient power have examined the association by histological type. In this study, we evaluated the secondhand smoke-lung cancer relationship by histological type based on pooled data from 18 case-control studies in the International Lung Cancer Consortium (ILCCO), including 2,504 cases and 7,276 control who were never smokers and 10,184 cases and 7,176 controls who were ever smokers. We used multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, smoking status, pack-years of smoking, and study. Among never smokers, the odds ratios (OR) comparing those ever exposed to secondhand smoke with those never exposed were 1.31 (95% Cl: 1.17-1.45) for all histological types combined, 1.26 (95% Cl: 1.10-1.44) for adenocarcinoma, 1.41 (95% Cl: 0.99-1.99) for squamous cell carcinoma, 1.48 (95% Cl: 0.89-2.45) for large cell lung cancer, and 3.09 (95% Cl: 1.62-5.89) for small cell lung cancer. The estimated association with secondhand smoke exposure was greater for small cell lung cancer than for nonsmall cell lung cancers (OR= 2.11, 95% Cl: 1.11-4.04). This analysis is the largest to date investigating the relation between exposure to secondhand smoke and lung cancer. Our study provides more precise estimates of the impact of secondhand smoke on the major histological types of lung cancer, indicates the association with secondhand smoke is stronger for small cell lung cancer than for the other histological types, and suggests the importance of intervention against exposure to secondhand smoke in lung cancer prevention.
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