Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
Volume 128, Issue 3, Pages 623-634Publisher
JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
DOI: 10.1002/ijc.25387
Keywords
lymhomas; meat consumption; dairy consumption; cohort study
Categories
Funding
- European Commission (SANCO)
- Deutsche Krebshilfe
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum
- German Federal Ministry of Education and Research
- Danish Cancer Society
- Spanish Ministry of Health
- Spanish Regional Governments of Andalucia, Asturia, Basque Country
- Murcia and Navarra
- ISCIII Network RCESP [C03/09]
- ISCIII of the Spanish Ministry of Health (RETICC), Spain [DR06/0020]
- Cancer Research UK, Medical Research Council, United Kingdom
- Greek Ministry of Health
- Stavros Niarchos Foundation, Greece
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Greece
- Italian Association for Research on Cancer (AIRC)
- Italian National Research Council
- Fondazione-Istituto Banco Napoli, Italy
- Compagnia di San Paolo
- Dutch Ministry of Public Health
- Welfare and Sports, Dutch Prevention Funds
- LK Research Funds
- Dutch ZON (Zorg Onderzoek Nederland)
- World Cancer Research Fund
- Swedish Cancer Society
- Swedish Scientific Council
- Regional Government of Skane, Sweden
- Norwegian Cancer Society
- Research Council of Norway
- Nordforsk
- French League against Cancer (LNCC)
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), France
- Mutuelle Generale de l'Education Nationale (MGEN), France
- 3M Co, France
- Gustave Roussy Institute (IGR), France
- General Councils of France
- Medical Research Council [MC_U106179471, G1000143, G0401527] Funding Source: researchfish
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The consumption of meat and other foods of animal origin is a risk factor for several types of cancer, but the results for lymphomas are inconclusive. Therefore, we examined these associations among 411,097 participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. During a median follow-up of 8.5 years, 1,334 lymphomas (1,267 non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and 67 Hodgkin lymphomas) were identified. Consumption of red and processed meat, poultry, milk and dairy products was assessed by dietary questionnaires. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to evaluate the association of the consumption of these food groups with lymphoma risk. Overall, the consumption of foods of animal origin was not associated with an increased risk of NHLS or HL, but the associations with specific subgroups of NHL entities were noted. A high intake of processed meat was associated with an increased risk of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (BCLL) [ relative risk (RR) per 50 g intake = 1.31, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06-1.63], but a decreased risk of follicular lymphomas (FL) (RR = 0.58; CI 0.38-0.89). A high intake of poultry was related to an increased risk of B-cell lymphomas (RR = 1.22; CI 1.05-1.42 per 10 g intake), FL (RR = 1.65; CI 1.18-2.32) and BCLL (RR = 1.54; CI 1.18-2.01) in the continuous models. In conclusion, no consistent associations between red and processed meat consumption and lymphoma risk were observed, but we found that the consumption of poultry was related to an increased risk of B-cell lymphomas. Chance is a plausible explanation of the observed associations, which need to be confirmed in further studies.
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