Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
Volume 128, Issue 2, Pages 440-446Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/ijc.25360
Keywords
prostate cancer; diabetes; case-control study
Categories
Funding
- UK National Institute for Health Research [96/20/06, 96/20/99]
- National Cancer Research Institute (NCRI)
- Cancer Research UK through ProMPT (Prostate Mechanisms of Progression and Treatment)
- NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre
- MRC [G0900871, G0800800] Funding Source: UKRI
- Medical Research Council [G0800800, G0900871] Funding Source: researchfish
- National Institute for Health Research [NF-SI-0509-10242] Funding Source: researchfish
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Observational studies suggest that diabetes is associated with a decreased risk of prostate cancer, but few are population based or have investigated associations with cancer stage or duration of diabetes. We report a case-control study nested within the population-based Prostate testing for cancer and Treatment (ProtecT) study ISRCTN20141297. Men aged 50-69 years based around 9 UK cities were invited for a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test between June 2002 and November 2006. Amongst 55,215 PSA-tested men, 1,966 had histologically confirmed prostate cancer; of these, 1,422 (72.3%) completed the questionnaire and 1,291 (65.7%) had complete data for analysis. We randomly selected 6,479 age- (within 5 years) and general practice-matched controls. The prevalence of diabetes was 89/1,291 (6.9%) in cases and 555/6,479 (8.6%) in controls. Diabetes was associated with a reduced risk of prostate cancer (odds ratio = 0.78; 95% confidence interval: 0.61-0.99). There was weak evidence that the inverse association was greater for well-versus poorly differentiated cancers (p = 0.07). The magnitude of the inverse association did not change with increasing duration of diabetes (p for trend = 0.95). Diabetes is associated with a decreased risk of PSA-detected prostate cancer. These data add to the evidence of the association of diabetes with prostate cancer in the PSA era.
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